The series fictionalizes the life of the historical Annie Oakley, but aside from portraying her as a phenomenal sharpshooter, it entirely ignores the facts of her real biography.

In the pilot episode 'Bull's Eye', the role of Tagg Oakley was played by Billy Gray instead of Jimmy Hawkins, who would later become the regular cast member.

After playing Tagg in the Annie Oakley pilot, Billy Gray went on to join the cast of Father Knows Best, which premiered nine months after the initial broadcast of Annie Oakley.

Jimmy Hawkins appeared in 80 of the series' 81 episodes as Tagg Oakley, but additional episodes were not made in part because he had a growth spurt and outgrew his role as Annie's little brother.

Annie Oakley's signature fringed cowgirl outfit, worn with braided pigtails, required at least 15 copies to be made during the show's production.

The series was produced by Gene Autry's Flying A Productions.

Several future or notable stars appeared as guests before or after other famous roles, including Fess Parker, Slim Pickens, Lee Van Cleef, Denver Pyle, and Keye Luke, who played a Chinese laundryman in an episode touching on racial discrimination.

Actor Dick Tufeld appeared in fifteen different roles across the series, the most of any recurring guest performer.