The series was created by Steve Thompson and greenlit by Apple TV+ in February 2024, before premiering less than a year later in January 2025.

Leo Woodall stars as the lead mathematician, Edward Brooks, a doctoral student at the University of Cambridge whose thesis on prime number patterns becomes the center of an international conspiracy.

Principal photography began in Windsor in May 2023, with additional filming taking place in London and, in August 2023, in Cambridge itself, lending authenticity to the university setting.

To capture the story's globe-trotting plot involving an ancient Islamic mathematical discovery in Baghdad, the production also filmed on location in Morocco, Paris, and Kent.

The show premiered with its first two episodes released simultaneously on 22 January 2025, followed by weekly episodes until the finale on 5 March.

Prime Target received a mixed critical reception, holding a 46% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a Metacritic score of 56/100, with critics summarizing it as an 'attractive but mediocre globetrotting series' hampered by sludgy pacing despite a likable cast.