Several characters' last names in the show—including Plunkett, Stabler, Janikowski, Biletnikoff, Madden, Hubbard, Casper, Wells, and Banaszak—were named after former players and coaches of the Oakland Raiders.

Mom became a priority project for CBS and Warner Bros. after being pitched in December 2012, partly due to creator Chuck Lorre's new four-year deal with Warner Bros. signed the previous September; its series order gave Lorre four sitcoms on one network for the 2013–14 season.

By the third season, the show's focus shifted more heavily onto Christy, Bonnie, and their AA group, leading to a significant reduction of the restaurant set, the kids' storylines, and Baxter's role.

Before landing the lead role of Christy in January 2013, Anna Faris had starred in an unused pilot called Blue Skies that was produced for NBC but never aired.

Allison Janney joined the cast as Christy's mother Bonnie on January 28, 2013, shortly after Faris was cast, while Matt Jones and Spencer Daniels came aboard in February 2013 as Baxter and Luke respectively.

Jaime Pressly's real-life pregnancy during season 5 was written into the show by having her character Jill overeat and gain weight after a personal setback, effectively concealing the actress's pregnancy within the storyline.

Actress Mary Pat Gleason, who played recurring AA member Mary, died only a few months after her character was written to die from an aneurysm during a season 7 AA meeting.

Will Sasso's recurring character Andy Pepper didn't have his surname revealed until the series finale, which became a running joke since, as a police sergeant, it made him 'Sgt. Pepper,' and his brother was a physician, making him 'Dr. Pepper.'