The Spanish Princess is based on Philippa Gregory's novels The Constant Princess (2005) and The King's Curse (2014), and serves as a sequel to the earlier miniseries The White Queen and The White Princess.

Although the first eight episodes aired as a seemingly standalone season in 2019, showrunners Emma Frost and Matthew Graham always intended the series to span 16 episodes, having written a natural stopping point after part one just in case Starz did not renew it.

Showrunner Emma Frost described part two's expanded storylines by saying they would move between France, England and Scotland, comparing Meg Tudor's storyline in Scotland to 'Spanish Princess meets Outlander.'

Principal photography for the first eight episodes began on 15 May 2018 at Wells Cathedral in Wells, Somerset, and wrapped in October 2018.

Filming for part two ran from 26 September 2019 to 11 March 2020, finishing just one day before the COVID-19 lockdown began.

The Mendip Hills were used as a filming location to double for Flodden Field.

It was reported during development that most episodes of the series would be directed by women, with Birgitte Stærmose directing the first two episodes.

While the series received generally favorable reviews in the United States (75% on Rotten Tomatoes, 73/100 on Metacritic), it was heavily criticized in Spain for historical inaccuracy, with Spanish media outlets calling it 'insulting', 'offensive', and 'one of the worst shows about Spanish history.'